Second Time Making Rambutan Wine (Fermentation)

This would be my second time making Rambutan wine. Just like the first time, I de-seeded the rambutan fruits I have tried to use juicer to extract the juice instead of blender in order to skip the filtering process. The advantage of using juicer, is that the juice extract was pulp-free. However I have to repeat this process 2-3 times to fully obtain the rambutan juice before discarding the flesh. Then, I bring the juice to a boil to kill bacteria.
As for this time, I have added a liter of sugar into the glass jar. After simmering the rambutan juice for 20mins, I poured it into the jar that contained sugar and stirred it. I leave it to cool over night.
The next day, I filled the jar of juice with water and added another 2 cups of sugar. I did a hydrometer testing to make sure the sugar brix achieves the appropriate level for the ideal fermentation condition. The reading turned out to be 16 brix, which is good. I added 2 teaspoon of citric acid to adjust its pH. According to winemaking books, pH 3-4 is preferred by yeast. Besides, diammonium phosphate (DAP) is added in as yeast nutrients. Lastly, I added in yeast.
This time, I used a airpump to pump air into the juice for 4 hours. The reason of me doing this is that primary fermentation is an aerobic process which requires the presence of oxygen. After the 4 hours of air pumping, the fermentation turned out to be very successful. I was so delighted to see how active the yeast were when I checked on it early in the morning.
Below shows some pictures that I have during the fermentation.

The Rambutan wine that I made earlier is now ready to be drink.

Lo & Behold, Rambutan Brandy

The fermentation process lasted about 3 to 5 days. On the fourth day, we opened the air-lock and gave the fermented mash a thorough stir and resealed it so that the brandy could clear up by allowing the sediment to settle down at the bottom. This sedimentation process took another 5 to 7 days. The alcohol content was measured by an alcohol meter which appeared that the mash only had about 8 to 9% of alcohol.



Burning with curiosity on how will Rambutan wine turn out to be, we scooped up the top part carefully so as to not disturb the sediment and placed in a separate container. We added egg white as our fining agent. Referring to a winemaking website, egg white is an excellent fining agent for removing haze caused by excessive tannin. I will include the directions on preparing the fining agent. The steps are very simple, which is to separate an egg and gently beat the white in a small amount of the unclarified wine. C.J.J. Berry insists that one must add a pinch of salt to the white before beating it. Use approximately half the beaten white egg for every 5-gallon carboy. (A carboy is a rigid container with a typical capacity of 5 to 15 gallons (20 to 60 L).) Simply pour the beaten egg white into the wine and stir well with a long sterilized rod. Refit the airlock and set aside for ten days. The wine should clarify.

For the rest, we decided to use distillation. Here is our "homemade" distilling equipment, which was modified to save costs. Do not worry if the product quality would be affected, this machine works exactly the same. The only issue is that, it can only distill small batches.
After the first still, the results showed about 45% of alcohol. In order to obtain 80% alcohol, I have done some simple calculations.

What we have: 5Liters * 9% alcohol = 45%

What we wish to obtain: 80% alcohol. So I took 45/80 = 0.5Liters. 

Based on calculations, we will only obtain 0.5Liters of Rambutan brandy if we want to achieve 80% alcohol. We redistilled the first still to get a higher alcohol level of brandy. I am really excited to see the clarity and transparency of the first still. It had the aroma that tantalize nostrils with the scent of juicy fresh "peaches".





This is the effect after adding fining agent. However, it still need to take a while for further clarification.

Making pure alcoholic beverage can be costly, so it is wise to not purchase cheap beverages if good quality is preferred.

Rambutan Wine Making, Day 1

It is the season of Rambutan (It is pronounced as Rum-bṹ-tan.), a local tropical fruit in Malaysia.

 

Let me briefly explains it's physical appearance. According to Merriam-Webster dictionary, it is a bright reed spiny Malayan fruit that is closely related to the lychee. This fruit tree is also known as Nephelium lappaceum, which is a member of the soapberry family. This fruit is popular in south-east Asia due to it's sweetness and juiciness. The inner white flesh tastes as refreshing as a Lychee fruit. However, do restrain yourself from swallowing the big seed in each fruit. The Rambutan tree in my backyard was fully red as it was full of fruits. We decided to brew some Rambutan wine.

We washed the fruits to make sure they are clean and removed the thick spiny skins from the Rambutans. It was tricky as you need to twist the fruit in opposite directions with both hands to open the fruit. For brewing, we only need to use the inner flesh of the fruits, so we removed the seeds too.

It is blending time. We started by filling half of the blender with the white flesh and blend for approximately 5 minutes or until the fruits were in smooth liquid form. Since the fruit itself contained enough juice to help in blending, no additional water is necessary. We made a huge pot of Rambutan juice.

We brought the pot to a boil with small fire. Reminder: Do remember to keep stirring the juice with a bamboo ladle to prevent the bottom part from getting burnt. The burnt part will cause bitterness and affect the whole pot. It was rather tough to stand by the stove and stirring constantly, especially with the size of 6-gallons pot. We added in some sugar and a little citric acid (about ¾ a cup), instead of preservatives, in hoping to keep the pot of Rambutan juice longer. This stirring took us for about 2 to 3 hours before the juice came to a boil. The fruity smell was pretty mild as the Rambutan itself does not have a strong smell, unlike other fruits such as orange with it's citrus smell. We removed it from the heat and cover it. We set the pot aside to cool down. After cooling down to room temperature, we took some for the brewing purpose and refrigerate the rest for future uses.






After 2 hours, we went to check if the pot of Rambutan mash has cooled down. However, it was still too hot to add in yeast. Therefore, we added more cool water into a 5-gallon fermenting bin before pouring in the Rambutan mash. This fermenting bin consists of a air-lock (also named as fermentation trap or 'bubbler'), which is a gadget to protect the fermentation from infection by the vinegar fly. The exact measurements for the total body of water plus Rambutan liquor are:

5.7litres of water + 5.7litres of Rambutan liquor = 11.4litres.

Yet, we leave it in the bin to cool down further…

It is stated, from a winemaking book, that half a level teaspoon of yeast nutrient, which is Ammonium phosphate, (NH₄)₃PO₄ is added to every 4.5litres to give yeast a 'boost'. The purpose of this nutrient is to obtain the best possible fermentation, like the majority of living organisms, need both food and oxygen, to be 'healthy'.

11.4litres/4.5litres = 2.53, which is more than a teaspoon was added into the mash. We have not added the yeast into the mixture because the heat will kill the yeast.

Caution: Yeast can only survive in the temperature below 38 degrees Celsius. Adding on to that, the yeast will ferment very slowly if the temperature is too low. The temperature for a fermentation to start working is at 21 degrees Celsius, the secondary fermentation should be about 16 degrees Celsius and the finished wine should be stored at 10 to 13 degrees Celsius. However, a slow quiet fermentation usually produce better wine than a fast,over-vigorous short one, so it is all right for ±2 degrees in differentiation.

The pictures shown above were the litmus papers to test acidity and the yeast was on the right side. 
After an hour, the temperature of the liquor is right to add in yeast. Before that, we used a acidity tester to test the pH of the mash, which showed a pH of 4. It was an acceptable acidity. We added 4 teaspoon of yeast in and gave it a stir before locking the cover. Thus, the fermentation process has begun.
Here was how the mash looked like before I cover it up with the air-lock.

Hopes the fermentation turns out well..